Sandblast the substructure made of zirconia or titanium with a pressure of 1 to 2 bar, grain size 90 – 110 µm. Then rinse the structures with a steam cleaner and dry with compressed air (make sure that there is no oil in the compressed air, as this could contaminate the surface).

Veneer the titanium substructure in both the tooth and gingival areas using suitable ceramics for metal frameworks.

Finish the unsintered zirconia structures and, if desired, characterise them with the Colour Liquids most suitable for the zirconia used. The structures are then sintered.

Mix the Fusion Powder with ICE Build Up Liquid until it forms a paste.

Apply a thin, even layer of the mixed Fusion Powder paste to the bonding areas. Attention: make sure no blisters form.

Carefully assemble the structures. Make sure to work with a slight material excess and that no blisters form at the solder joints. Place the structure in the ceramic furnace at 750 °C (note: for zirconia primary and secondary structures, the framework is fired in the ceramic furnace at 850 °C).

Repeat the same working steps for all secondary structures to be bonded. Place the bonded structure in the furnace and fire according to the firing instructions for the respective material combination (zirconia on zirconia or zirconia on titanium).

Finish the fired structure with diamond burs and diamond polishers.

After the bond firing, further ceramic or stain firings can be carried out to finalise the structure (observe the respective firing parameters!).

Final characterised and veneered zirconia structure on a Titanit primary structure.